Perceptions Toward Trauma Problems and Crises during the Genocide against the Tutsi Commemoration Period

Abstract

 Introduction: Following the Genocide against the Tutsi in 1994, Rwandan society was severely impaired and could not function optimally, with an exceptionally large burden of mental health disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of trauma victims, family/ friends of the victims, and health service professionals toward trauma problems and crises they face during the genocide against the Tutsi commemoration period. 

Methods: This was a qualitative study using a focused group discussion approach (FGD) involving trauma victims who had trauma crises during the period of Kwibuka 24, their family/friends, and health service professionals, and using An FGD guide was used to guide the discussions. 

Results:The results from the focus group discussions show increased trauma, especially among post-genocide children and the elderly and widowed survivors. Poverty, flashbacks, and the commemoration period are common key triggers of trauma crises. The main challenges include HIV/AIDS, stigmatization from within the community, poverty, inadequate service providers, lack of follow-ups, genocide ideology within the communities, and unprofessional service providers. Common strategies to cope with trauma include solitude, approaching service providers, joining support groups, and engaging in different activities. 

Conclusion: This study showed the rising trauma crises among descendants of genocide survivors. The findings also highlight the need for targeted measures, including financial, emotional, and health support for survivors tackling the identified triggers.