Whole Genome Sequencing of the Multidrug-Resistant Proteus mirabilis MORAY37 Recovered from a Urinary Tract Infection case in Mosul, Iraq

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Proteus mirabilis is a common member of the intestinal microbiota in humans and animals but can cause serious infections, including urinary tract infections (UTIs) and sepsis. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. mirabilis strains, particularly those producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), poses a significant global health challenge. This study aimed to sequence and analyze the genome of P. mirabilis MORAY37, a highly resistant isolate from a UTI case in Mosul, Iraq, to elucidate its genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance and virulence. 

METHODS: The genome of P. mirabilis MORAY37 was sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology. Bioinformatics tools, including SPAdes for assembly, QUAST for quality assessment, and RAST for annotation, were employed. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Type Strain Genome Server (TYGS), and antibiotic resistance genes were identified using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD). 

RESULTS: The genome of P. mirabilis MORAY37 comprises 4,131,367 bp with a GC content of 39.1%. It contains 3,844 coding sequences and 75 RNA genes, predominantly involved in amino acid metabolism (294 genes), protein metabolism (203 genes), and carbohydrate metabolism (198 genes). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed its close relationship to P. mirabilis ATCC 29906 (89% isDDH value). Ten antibiotic resistance genes were identified, conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, monobactams, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, and sulfonamides. 

CONCLUSION: The study provides valuable genomic insights into P. mirabilis MORAY37, highlighting its multidrug resistance profile and phylogenetic lineage. These findings underscore the need for further research to explore the mechanisms of resistance gene dissemination and potential therapeutic strategies, such as phage therapy or CRISPR-based interventions, to combat MDR P. mirabilis infections.