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Main Article Content
Pattern of cardiovascular diseases among Nigerians with rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disease. Cardiovascular disease is one of the most critical extra-articular features, responsible for about half of all deaths in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This study aims to describe the pattern of cardiovascular diseases among Nigerians with RA.
Methods: A two-year cross-sectional study of 101 consecutive RA patients at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos. Clinical, electrocardiography, and echocardiography assessments of the cardiovascular system were performed.
Results:The median age (IQR) of the participants was 50(21) years, 82 (81.2%) females and 19 (18.8%) males. The frequency of cardiovascular disease is 72 (71.3%); specifically, hypertension 55(54.5%), hypertensive heart disease 17(16.8%), electrocardiographic abnormalities 45(44.6%) and echocardiographic abnormalities 40 (39.6%). Age (P = 0.02), sex (P = 0.05), occupation (P = 0.02), synovitis (P = 0.03), seropositivity (P = 0.03) and DAS28ESR (P= 006) were associated cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiovascular disorders in Nigerians with RA is high, encompassing a wide range of abnormalities. These abnormalities are higher among the older age group and those with higher disease activity scores.
French title: Schéma des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les Nigérians atteints de polyarthrite rhumatoïde
Contexte: La polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique courante. Les maladies cardiovasculaires sont l’une des caractéristiques extra-articulaires les plus critiques, responsables d’environ la moitié de tous les décès chez les patients atteints de polyarthrite rhumatoïde. Cette étude vise à décrire le profil des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les Nigérians atteints de PR.
Méthodes: Une étude transversale de deux ans portant sur 101 patients atteints de PR consécutifs à l'hôpital universitaire de Jos, à Jos. Des évaluations cliniques, électrocardiographiques et échocardiographiques du système cardiovasculaire ont été réalisées.
Résultats: L'âge médian (IQR) des participants était de 50 (21) ans, 82 (81,2 %) de femmes et 19 (18,8 %) d'hommes. La fréquence des maladies cardiovasculaires est de 72 (71,3 %) ; plus précisément, l'hypertension 55 (54,5 %), la cardiopathie hypertensive 17 (16,8 %), les anomalies électrocardiographiques 45 (44,6 %) et les anomalies échocardiographiques 40 (39,6 %). L'âge (P= 0,02), le sexe (P= 0,05), la profession (P= 0,02), la synovite (P= 0,03), la séropositivité (P= 0,03) et le DAS28ESR (P= 0,06) étaient des maladies cardiovasculaires associées.
Conclusion: La prévalence des troubles cardiovasculaires chez les Nigérians atteints de PR est élevée et englobe un large éventail d'anomalies. Ces anomalies sont plus élevées chez les personnes plus âgées et chez celles ayant des scores d’activité de la maladie plus élevés.
