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Published:
Oct 15, 2020DOI:
10.4314/rejhs.v8i4.1Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Urinary Assessment among Nigerians in Health and with Frequent Use of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Abstract
Background: Proteinuria is a risk factor for the occurrence and progression of chronic kidney disease hence its use in screening, diagnosis and monitoring purposes. The use of untimed sample has become more common due to shortcomings associated with 24 hour urine collection.
Aim: To use urinary measures in comparing the kidney function of a healthy population with an apparently healthy population with frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Methods: Two hundred participants submitted paired urine samples. Blood was collected for estimation of creatinine based glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Student t-test and Chi-square tests were used to compare means and proportions respectively.
Result: The prevalence of kidney dysfunction among NSAIDs users using eGFR, albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), protein creatinine ratio (PCR) and 24 hour urine protein (24HUP) were 22%, 18%, 16% and 11% while in the controls were 6%, 6%, 5% and 0% respectively. The albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) was most strongly correlated with GFR in NSAIDs users.
Conclusion: The prevalence of kidney dysfunction using eGFR, ACR, PCR and 24HUP in NSAIDs users were all higher than in the healthy controls. The correlation between GFR and ACR was strongest of all urinary measures hence the ACR was a more reliable measure of kidney function assessment in health and in frequent NSAIDs use.
Keywords: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, albumin creatinine ratio, protein creatinine ratio, 24-hour urine protein, glomerular filtration rate.
French title: L'utilité des mesures urinaires dans l'évaluation de la fonction rénale chez les Nigérians en matière de santé et avec l'utilisation fréquente d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens
Contexte général de l'étude : La protéinurie est un facteur de risque d'apparition et de progression de l'insuffisance rénale chronique, d'où leur utilisation à des fins de dépistage, de diagnostic et de surveillance. L'échantillon non chronométré est devenu plus courant en raison de lacunes associées à la collecte d'urine sur 24 heures. Des études ont montré une bonne corrélation entre les mesures urinaires dans la maladie et dans la santé.
Objectif de l'étude : Déterminer l'utilité des mesures urinaires dans l'évaluation de la fonction rénale chez les utilisateurs d'AINS et en santé.
Méthodes de l'étude : Deux cents participants ont soumis des échantillons d'urine appariés et du sang a été collecté pour l'estimation du DFG basée sur la créatinine. Les variables continues en tant que moyenne avec écart-type ont été comparées à l'aide du Test d'Étudiant (Student). Les variables catégorielles sous forme de proportions avec des pourcentages ont été comparées à l'aide du test du chi carré. La corrélation a été effectuée par analyse de régression linéaire en utilisant la corrélation de Spearman.
Résultat de l'étude : L'âge moyen des utilisateurs d'AINS, des contrôles et des utilisateurs d'AINS souffrant de dysfonction rénale (KD) était respectivement de 46,5 + 14,5, 46,0 + 14,5 et 63,11 ± 18,62. La prévalence de KD parmi les utilisateurs d'AINS utilisant eGFR, ACR, PCR et 24HUP était de 22%, 18%, 16% et 11%, tandis que chez les témoins étaient de 6%, 6%, 5% et 0% respectivement. L'ACR était fortement corrélé avec le DFG chez
les utilisateurs d'AINS.
Conclusion : La prévalence de KD utilisant eGFR et ACR chez les utilisateurs d'AINS était de 22%, 18%, 16% et 30% et parmi les témoins sains étaient de 6%, 6%, 5% et 0% respectivement. La corrélation entre le DFG et les mesures urinaires était la plus forte avec l'ACR. L'ACR localisé dans l'urine semble être une mesure plus fiable de l'évaluation de la fonction rénale en santé et en maladie.
Mots-clés: Anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens, ratio albumine-créatinine, ratio protéine-créatinine, protéines urinaires sur 24 heures, taux de filtration glomérulaire
