Phenotypic variability of some varieties of pepper (Capsicum spp) in the forest-savanna transition zone of Edo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Description of the subject. The phenotypic variability of some varieties of pepper (Capsicum spp) was carried out in Research Farm, Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma. This is to determine the different growth performance of varieties of pepper in south- south geopolitical zone in Nigeria.
Objectives. The study aims to evaluate the phenotypic variability of certain improved varieties of pepper (Atarodo “scotch bonnet”, Atawewe “bird eye”, Tatashe “red pepper” and Shombo “cayenne pepper”.) in the Edo State region of Nigeria.
Methods. The experiment was Randomized Complete Block Design replicated four times. Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance at P˂0.05. The genetic variability were analyzed using Genetic model (Heritability), Genetic gain and Genetic advance.
Results. Plant height and number of leaves at 3, 6 and 9 WAP differed significantly. However at 6 WAP there was no significant difference for number of leaves. There was no significant difference for the number of branches/plant. Petiole length, leaf area and stem girth varied significantly. Days to 50% flowering, 50% maturity, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight and fruit yield were significantly different. Days to 50 % flowering and maturity, fruit length, fruit width and fruit yield (96.09 % and 4.02), (97.56 % and 3.08), (61.83% and 9.53), (75.32 % and 5.13) and (71.46 % and 2.41) recorded high values for heritability and genetic gain.
Conclusion. The Atawewe variety had the highest yield/ha and it is recommended for farmers in the locality.