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Influence of seasonal variations on admissions and deaths of pulmonary embolism in the Cardiology Department of the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Nobila Valentin Yameogo
Pêngd-Wendé Habib Boussé Traore
Abstract
Introduction: this study's main objective was to determine climate's influence on pulmonary embolism in the Cardiology department of the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center (CHU-YO) from 2015 to 2019.
Methods: the study was descriptive cross-sectional with an analytical aim by retrospective collection of data on the clinical observations of hospitalized patients.
Results: in Burkina Faso, the average monthly mean temperature over the 5 years of the study was 31.13°C with a standard deviation of 2.46°C. The median was 30.77°C with extremes ranging from 27.55 to 35.05°C. The months of April, May and June had recorded the highest average monthly temperatures over our study period with respectively 35.05; 34.83 and 33°C. In the same order, this trio is in the lead in terms of the numbers of admissions for pulmonary embolism with 42 admissions in April, 35 in May and 34 in June over the 5 years of the study. Each increase of 1° Celsius in the monthly average temperature over the 5 years of the study in Burkina Faso led to an increase in admissions of 0.62 individuals per month for pulmonary embolism (p-value=0.0048, tau=0.626). The hospital lethality of pulmonary embolism was 6.1% (19/311) over the 5 years. The months of March and June recorded the highest number of deaths out of the five in the study with three deaths each. There was no statistically significant relationship between monthly deaths over the 5 years of the study and monthly mean temperature over the 5 years of the study (p-value=0.826). Similarly, there was no statistically significant link between the average temperature during deaths over the 5 years of the study and that during survival (p-value=0.6).
Conclusion: with regard to pulmonary embolism, the health personnel of the Cardiology Department of the CHU-YO, without realizing it, are facing the health consequences resulting from the current climate crisis. We need to promote and adopt individual and collective climate actions as soon as possible in favor of climate action and the prevention of pulmonary embolism in Burkina Faso.
