Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy via ultrasound guidance in transplanted kidney: a report of two cases

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a rare but familiar problem in transplanted kidney patients, with a prevalence rate between 0.23-6.3%. Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini PCNL) is a revised technique that uses a miniature endoscope through a small access sheath and is associated with minor bleeding risk. Only a few cases of mini PCNL via ultrasonography (US) guidance in transplanted kidneys have been published. We present a 23-year-old female and a 34-year-old man who presented with obstructive uropathy due to impacted stones in their transplanted kidneys. Firstly, the nephrostomy tube was inserted. Then, they underwent mini PCNL via US guidance. Puncturing the pyelocaliceal system was achieved via a 3.5 MHz US probe. Procedures were performed with a one-shot dilatation technique and a 15-Fr rigid nephroscope. In conclusion, we suggest that if an experienced urologist performs it, the US-guided mini PCNL is safe and effective in patients with transplanted kidneys.