Systematic literature review on the neonatal outcome of preeclampsia

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific multisystem disorder that is a leading cause of maternal and foetal/neonatal morbidity and mortality. Thus this systematic review aims to identify the neonatal outcomes of preeclamptic patients. A systematic literature review of works published between January 2015 and March 2021 written in the English language and freely accessed online were used the using PRISMA guidelines. The results from the search were managed using the endnote X7 software and extracted data from the full articles were documented in Microsoft Word. The neonatal outcomes of preeclampsia identified are; preterm birth, stillbirth, low birth weight (LBW), low Apgar score, intrauterine growth reduction (IUGR), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission are foetal/neonatal outcomes of preeclampsia and were subsequently classified into six groups according to the similarities of their outcome; group 1: death related neonatal outcomes, group 2: weight-related neonatal outcomes, group 3: prematurity related neonatal outcomes, group 4: respiratory related neonatal outcomes, group 5: injury-related neonatal outcomes, and Group 6: internal organ related outcome. The magnitude of occurrence of the classified neonatal outcomes is; respiratory-related neonatal outcome, death-related neonatal outcome, weight-related neonatal outcome, prematurity related neonatal outcome, internal related neonatal outcome and injury-related outcome in that sequence. All round interventions to improve neonatal morbidity and mortality of preeclamptic mothers should be targeted in addition to adequate provision of health/ medical resources for the tending of preterm neonates.