Pan African Medical Journal
Journal / Pan African Medical Journal / Vol. 40 No. 1 (2021) / Articles

download PDF

Published:

Dec 28, 2021

Keywords:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus; obstructive sleep apnea; sleep quality; Benin

Issue

Vol. 40 No. 1 (2021)

Section

Articles

Brief summary of the agreement Anyone is free: · to copy, distribute, and display the work; · to make derivative works; · to make commercial use of the work; Under the following conditions: Attribution · the original author must be given credit; · for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are; · any of these conditions can be waived if the authors gives permission. Statutory fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above

Serge Ade

Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin

Adebayo Cossi Alassani

Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin

Prudence Ablo Wachinou

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin

Audrey Tchemoua Youzeu

Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin

Abdoulaye Imorou

Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin

Lionelle Fanou

Cotonou Army Hospital, Cotonou, Benin

Marius Claude Flatin

Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin

Spero Hounkpatin

Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin

Gildas Agodokpessi

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin

Anthony David Harries

International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Paris, France; Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK

Abstract

Introduction: diabetes mellitus (DM) and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) are two major and interconnected non-communicable diseases. Both negatively impact on sleep quality. This study aimed to determine among persons with type 2 DM, the proportions at high risk of OSA and of self-reported poor sleep quality along with their associated-factors in Parakou city, Benin.

Methods: this was a cross-sectional prospective study of 100% (n=383) outpatient adults with type 2 DM, conducted between April and August 2019 in the three top centres managing diabetic persons in Parakou city. They were interviewed, examined and investigated using capillary fasting blood glucose tests. The STOP-Bang Questionnaire (SBQ) was used to determine the risk of OSA.

Results: overall, their mean age was 57.37 (11.45) years. They were 61.62% (n=236) females and 38.38% (n=147) males. Sleep duration was insufficient in 26.89% (n=103). Nocturia was reported in 49.35% (n=189). The risk of OSA was high in 14.10% (n=54), intermediate in 24.80% (n=95) and low in 61.10% (n=234). Friedman Position Tongue Grade 3 (Adjusted Odds Ratio, aOR=2.48; 95%CI=1.11 - 5.55; p=0.025) and 4 (aOR=4.65; 95%CI=1.26 - 15.90; p=0.015) were independently associated with a high risk of OSA. The prevalence of reported poor sleep quality was 27.42% (n=105). Female gender (aOR=2.08; 95%CI=1.18-3.83; p=0.014), diabetic foot (aOR=5.07; 95%CI=1.15-23.63; p=0.031), nocturia (aOR=1.96; 95%CI=1.18-3.29; p=0.010), tiredness (aOR=2.77; 95%CI=1.26-6.23; p=0.012) and a high risk of OSA (aOR=3.31; 95%CI=1.28-8.93; p=0.015) were independently associated with a greater risk of reported poor sleep quality.

Conclusion: in Parakou, the proportions of patients with type 2 DM at increased risk of OSA and with poor quality of sleep are relatively high. There is need for better systematic screening of OSA in persons with DM.

Journal Identifiers

eISSN: 1937-8688