Myasthenia gravis masquerading as acute stroke: a case report

Abstract

Among non-iatrogenic neuromuscular disorders, myasthenia gravis remains the most prevalent. Diagnosing this disorder may become challenging in certain cases such as in patients with coexisting comorbid illnesses and non-specific clinical symptoms. This is a case of atypical myasthenia gravis in a middle-aged hypertensive male, who initially presented symptoms suggestive of an acute ischemic stroke. Upon later investigation, prompted by persistent symptoms, the patient was found to have AchR antibodies and had the rare finding of a fissured and atrophied tongue (reversible on treatment). It is a well-known fact that brainstem strokes can present with bulbar weakness resulting in aspiration pneumonitis, as was with the clinical presentation in the below mentioned report. Due to the initial misdiagnosis, he had received medical therapy aimed towards stroke management and prevention. Further investigation leading to a definitive diagnosis, was followed by medical therapy with neostigmine, pyridostigmine and oral prednisolone, leading to significant improvement in symptoms. Hence as a mandatory measure, while dealing with a case of a new onset of weakness, especially in cranial musculature, myasthenia gravis must not be excluded from the list of differential diagnosis. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a potential "stroke mimic" especially in the elderly. However, due to recent change in trends of stroke statistics, this disease should be considered a possibility even in younger patients.