Determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients in Public Hospitals of the Central Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia 2018: unmatched case-control study

Abstract

Introduction: hypertension, among diabetic patients, is a worldwide public-health challenge and a leading modifiable risk factor for other
cardiovascular diseases. The main purpose of this study was to identify determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients. Methods: data were
collected from January to March 2018 using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data collectors and supervisors were trained
before the period of data collection. The questionnaire was pretested on 5% of the sample at Suhul hospital. Bivariable logistic regression was
employed to examine the crude associations between the outcome variable and determinant variables. This was followed by multivariable analysis
to examine the determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients by selecting variables which had p value ≤0.2 in the bivariable analysis.
Results: the age range of the respondents was 18-80 years, with the median age of 51.56±14.92 years. Not attending diabetes mellitus education
sessions (AOR=2.61, 95% CI (1.12,6.1), duration since diagnosis with diabetes (AOR=8.52; 95% CI (1.97, 36.84), poor glycemic control
(AOR=22.99, 95CI (5.92,89.28), overweight (AOR=4.84, 95%CI (1.42,16.51), and non-adherence to diabetes medication (AOR=4.66, 95% CI
(2.22,9.79), diet (AOR=9.70,95% CI (3.34,28.22), exercise (AOR= 5.47, 95% CI (2.35,12.75), and self-monitoring blood glucose (AOR=6.62, 95%
CI (3.16, 13.86) were found to be the determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients. Conclusion: this research concludes that longer
duration with diabetes, nonattendance of diabetes education sessions, poor glycemic control, and not-adherence to antidiabetic medications, diet,
exercise and self-monitoring blood glucose were found to be the determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients.