A retrospective study on incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection among patients attending National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme, Owo centre

Abstract

Introduction: the incidence of co-infection of PTB and HIV/AIDS in sub-Sahara is alarming. The exotic nature of the duo infection may be responsible for high mortality among TB patients.

 Methods: a five year retrospective study from January 2008 to December 2012 was carried out using profiles of new cases of PTB individuals that attended National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme (NTBLCP), Owo centre. A total of 342 new cases were retrieved using a pre-designed case record forms. Vital information on demographic data, social and medical history were retrieved including laboratory results, treatment access and mortality report.

Results: the prevalence of HIV sero - positive individual with PTB among the 342 new cases retrieved was 14.0%. In the studied population, incidence of infection was higher among 35 - 44 years age group, 53.8% are males and 46.2% are females. A total of 28.1% was classified as cured, 9.1% died, and 10.5 % defaulted or transferred out.

Conclusion: mortality due to co-infection is high; there is therefore the need to put-in more efforts to stem the trend of PTB and HIV/AIDs co-infection. The variation in the pattern of co-infection in different localities may be associated with the living condition, cultural and socio-economic factors. Other possible factors are enlightenment campaigns and easy access to treatments which should be step-up.