The histologic pattern of prostate specimens in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos and their correlation with serum total prostate specific antigen

Abstract

Background: Prostate carcinoma (PCA) is one of the most common causes of cancer death in men. Prostate glands have three major pathologic diseases which includes prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma. The aim of this study is to determine the hospital prevalence of the prostate gland diseases and to determine their relationship with the total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) in LASUTH, Nigeria.

Methodology: This is a four-year retrospective study of prostate samples submitted to our department in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja between 1^st January, 2010 and 31^st December 2013. All slides were retrieved and reviewed; broken and lost slides were re-cut from the tissue blocks, and tPSA value was determined using chemilumiscent immunometric method in an auto-analyser machine.

Results: A total of 394 surgical prostatic specimens were received which represents a percentage of 3.97% of total biopsy. Only 230 specimens had tPSA done and were included in the study. The age range was 48-91 years with a mean age of 67.0±7.3 years. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) had the highest prevalence (65.7%), followed by PCA (27.4%). Isolated BPH had a mean tPSA value of 16.0±12.0ng/ml and isolated PCA 66.4±54.0 ng/ml.

Conclusion: BPH was found to be the commonest prostate gland disease followed by the prostatic carcinoma. Prostatic adenocarcinoma was the most frequent carcinoma of the prostate. A tPSA value greater than 84.0 ng/ml are seen only in prostate carcinoma patients.

Keywords: Adenocarcinoma, Cancer death in men, Prostate biopsy, Prostatitis