HIV/ AIDS and Contraception

Abstract

Prevention of unintended pregnancies in HIV infected women is a high priority. With the exception of male and female condoms contraceptive options provide no protection for STI and HIV transmission. Consistent and correct condom use needs to be encouraged in addition to the use of an effective contraceptive method. Data on hormonal contraceptive use and disease progression and transmission is limited but reassuring. There is concern about enhanced transmission of HIV with injectable progestogens suggesting possible harm. The effect of ARV and anti-tuberculosis drugs should be taken into account when counselling on contraceptive methods. The WHO MEC provides detailed evidence-based recommendations to ensure that patients with medical conditions, as well as those on drugs with possible interactions are fit to use a particular method and can safely select the most appropriate method of contraception. Counselling, testing, and discussions about the risk for and prevention of STIs and HIV should be offered routinely in any consultation about contraception.

Keywords: Contraception; HIV; AIDS