Comparative Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Common Commercial Polyherbal Medicine in Lagos, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: There is a widespread increasing use of herbal medicine among the populace in the society. The poor regulation of herbal medicine production and use raises issues of public health concerns.
Objectives: To determine and compare the phytochemicals present in different classes of herbal medicines sold in Lagos, Nigeria
Methods: Commonly sold brands of three classes of herbal medicine – herbal bitters, herbal energy drinks and 'Agbo' were purchased from major markets in Lagos, Nigeria. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were carried out on the 30 samples identified
Results: The study revealed the presence of wide array of phytochemicals in all the brands and classes of herbal medicines identified. The mean concentrations of alkaloids and glycosides at 25ìg/ml and 20ìg/ml were comparatively highest in 'Agbo' and herbal bitters, tannin and total phenolics of 10ìg/ml and 25ìg/ml respectively were comparatively highest in herbal energy drinks.
Conclusion: The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the phytochemicals present in the samples were identified. However, because the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for phytochemicals has not been determined, people should exercise caution in the consumption of these herbal medicines because of the inherent health risk from the toxic effects of these phytochemicals.

Keywords: 'Agbo', Herbal bitters, Herbal energy drinks, Phytochemicals, Lagos