Article Sidebar
Published:
Aug 1, 2022DOI:
10.4314/njtd.v19i2.2Keywords:
Article Details
In accordance with the Copyright Act of 1976, which became effective January 1, 1978, the following statement signed by each author must accompany the manuscript submitted: "I, the undersigned author, transfer all copyright ownership of the manuscript referenced above to the Nigerian Journal of Technological Development, in the event the work is published. I warrant that the article is original, does not infringe upon any copyright or other proprietary right of any third party, is not under consideration by another journal, and has not been published previously. I have reviewed and approve the submitted version of the manuscript and agree to its publication in the Nigerian Journal of Technological Development." A copyright transfer form may be downloaded from the NJTD Website (http://njtd.com.ng/index.php/njtd). Author(s) will be consulted, whenever possible, regarding republication of material. All authors must have access to the data presented and the authors and sponsor (if applicable) must agree to share original data with the editor if requested.
Main Article Content
Extraction and physicochemical characterization of cashew nut-shell liquid in metal forming
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Effective lubrication during metal working is critical to mitigating undesirable tool wear and poor surface finish of formed components. This paper investigated the physicochemical characteristics of cashew nut-shell-liquid (CNSL) with a view of determining its suitability for the development of an eco-friendly lubricant used in metal forming. The cashew nut shell oil (CNSO) was extracted by soxhlet method and characterised to determine its physicochemical properties including density, free fatty acid (FFA), and viscosity. In addition, the saponification value, iodine value, pH, flash point and friction coefficient were determined using relevant analytical tools. The results showed that CNSL yield from soxhlet solvent extraction is 45.6%, which is adjudged to be relatively substantial with regard to other extraction processes. Furthermore, the CNSL exhibited critical lubrication characteristics in terms of density (0.94 g/cm3), moisture content (3.96%), acid value (11.32 mg.KOH/g), FFA (3.7%), ester value (127.92 mg.KOH/g), saponification value (139.24 mg.KOH/g), pH value (4.61), iodine value (40.21 gI2/100 g), viscosity at 100 oC (14.12 Pa.s), friction coefficient (0.001) and flash point of 286.63 oC. Given these outcomes in comparison with commercial Chevron soluble oil, it is concluded that CNSL is suitable for use as a viable metal forming lubrication fluid.
