Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in Pigs: A Study of Selected Pig Farms in Umuahia South LGA, Abia State, Nigeria

Abstract

Swine production faces numerous challenges, particularly with respect to parasites and diseases, which can significantly affect  productivity and animal health. This study determined the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in pigs from large breeding facilities in  Umuahia South Local Government Area, Abia State, Nigeria. One hundred freshly passed faecal samples were collected from five farms,  with 10g of each sample analysed using sedimentation and microscopically examined to identify parasites, eggs, and cysts. Data on independent variables, including age, sex, and farm management practices, were obtained through structured interviews. Chi-square  analysis was used to assess the associations between dependent and independent variables. The overall parasite prevalence was 73.0%,  with Strongyloides ransomi being the most common species (48%), followed by Balantidium coli (26%), and Ascaris suum (3%). The prevalence in male pigs was 75.0%, which was slightly higher than that in females (72.4%). Among the age groups, piglets (1–5 months)  showed the highest prevalence (73.9%). Single infections were recorded in 54.0% of the pigs, whereas 19.0% had mixed infections. Chi- square analysis revealed no significant association (p>0.05) between parasite prevalence and demographic factors, indicating a uniform  distribution of risk across sex, age groups, and farms. The high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites highlights the need for enhanced parasite control measures, regular deworming programs, improved farm hygiene, and farmer education to mitigate infection risks and  improve swine health and productivity.