The Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii among Abattoir Workers in Rivers State, Nigeria

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondiiis an obligate, intracellular, parasitic protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis. Infection in humans can occur through  contact with contaminated soil, water, or unwashed raw vegetables and ingestion of bradyzoites from infected intermediate hosts’tissue,  which is a potential route of transmission to meat handlers, including abattoir workers. This study aimed to determine the relationship  between risk factors and seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among abattoir workers. The cross-sectional study composed of 160  participants from various abattoir locations in the state. The participants were randomly selected and via a well-structured questionnaire,  data for possible risk factors were obtained. Blood Samples were also collected for IgM and IgG antibodies measurement for Toxoplasma  gondii. The results indicated a high seroprevalence of T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies (43.8%) in abattoir workers in Rivers State. Risk  factors observed to be significantly associated with T. gondii seropositivity in this study were the animal type slaughtered (birds, cows,  and goats), and washing of hands/practicing good hygiene. The study demonstrated a high level a high seroprevalence of T. gondii  among abattoir workers in Rivers State. There is a need for the Rivers State government to establish enlightenment and prevention  programs for these occupationally exposed and other populations at risk of T. gondii infection.