Malaria Prevalence and Local Beliefs in Transmission and Control in Ndiowu Community, Anambra State, Nigeria

Abstract

Malaria prevalence and local beliefs in transmission and control was studied in Ndiowu, a rural community in Anambra State, Nigeria. Microscopy was used to determine the malaria parasite. Structured questionnaire was
used to determine the local beliefs on malaria transmission, prevention, and treatment-seeking behaviours among the community members. The result recorded a prevalence of 66.0% (214/324) and all were infections of Plasmodium falciparum. It was also found that 43.8% (142/324) of the community members were aware of mosquito- transmission of malaria. Other local beliefs observed on malaria transmission were strenuous work 30.2%, too much exposure to sunlight 25.3%, eating of oily foods 16.7%, cold weather 14.2% and witchcraft 1.2%. There was a statistical difference among the local beliefs on transmission. Local beliefs associated with malaria prevention in the community were maintaining a clean  environment, 64.2% (208/324), closing doors and windows 57.4%, draining of stagnant water 53.7%, avoidance of eating oily foods 29%, eating vegetables and fruit 24.1%, and sleeping under insecticide-treated nets 14.8%. There was a significant difference on local beliefs on malaria prevention. It was also found that 59.9% (194/324) of the community members patronized patent medicine vendors to treat malaria, 32.7% local
traditional healers, and 29.6% health facilities. There was also a significant difference among the treatment-seeking behaviours. Malaria awareness programme is needed in the community.

Keywords: Malaria prevalence, local beliefs, transmission, prevention, treatment-seeking behaviours