Trauma Incidence in Sokoto, North- West Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Trauma has been regarded as a growing th epidemic and that it would be the 5 leading cause of death worldwide by 2030. The burden of trauma affects the most vulnerable age group with about 90% of trauma deaths occurring in developing countries. The decade 2011-2020 has been designated the 'Global decade of Action on Road Safety' as a result of efforts of the Bone and Joint decade.
Objectives: To provide a profile of the common causes and pattern of trauma as seen at a regional trauma centre in Sokoto, North-west Nigeria.
Methodology: A one year (jan-dec 2009) retrospective study was done. Data obtained from the trauma register were analysed and results presented in table and graphical forms.
Results: A total of 3356 patients were seen with a M: F ratio of 4:1. The most affected age group is the second and third decade and there was no significant monthly variation. Road traffic accident is the commonest cause of trauma with 68%. Musculoskeletal (68%) and head injury (10%) were the commonest injuries seen. Sixty-nine per cent of patients were treated on outpatient and discharged while 25% were admitted and 18(0.5%) died during resuscitation and within 48 hours of admission.
Conclusion: Road traffic accident is a common cause of trauma in developing and concerted efforts should be made to reduce this burden in this decade.

Keywords: Trauma, causes, pattern