Refractive profile in Duane retraction syndrome

Abstract

Aim: To study the refractive error profile of patients with Duane retraction syndrome (DRS). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with DRS between January 2015 and December 2018 at a tertiary eye center. All case files of patients diagnosed with DRS were retrieved and analyzed. Following parameters were collected from the records: demographic data, laterality of involvement, type of DRS, type of refractive error, presence of anisometropia, and presence of amblyopia, if any. Type of refractive error was correlated with type of DRS.

Results: Seventy-seven eyes of 74 patients were included with age range of 2 to 65 years. There were 42 female patients and 32 male patients. Exotropic DRS with unilateral presentation was the commonest pattern. Left eye was predominantly involved in unilateral DRS. Hyperopia (58.1%) was the most common refractive error in both esotropic and exotropic DRS. Anisometropia was present in 16% cases, with anisoastigmatism being the most common refractive error in them. Amblyopia was reported in only three cases with anisometropia being the cause. Abnormal head posture was reported in most of the patients (81%). Upshoots and downshoots were common in exotropic DRS.

Conclusion: Hyperopia was the most common refractive error in both esotropic and exotropic DRS. Amblyopia was reported in a few cases and was due to anisometropia. This underscores the importance of proper evaluation of refractive error in patients with DRS.