Assessment of Antinuclear Antibodies, Anti‑Beta 2‑Glycoprotein‑1, and Thyroid Peroxidase Autoantibody Levels in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Sero‑positive Pregnant Women at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy is associated with biochemical alterations and may be compounded by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection potentially affecting pregnancy outcome. Aims: This study evaluated some biochemical parameters that could possibly affect pregnancy outcomes in HIV‑infected women. Patients, Materials and Methods: The study involved 136 HIV sero‑positive on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 137 HIV sero‑negative pregnant women, recruited from the Antenatal Clinic of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), anti‑beta 2‑glycoprotein‑1 (βGP1), and thyroid peroxidase autoantibody (TPOab) were analysed using the enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay methods. Results: TPOab in HIV sero‑positive subjects (104.9 ± 51.06 IU/mL) was significantly higher (P > 0.05) compared with controls (89.5 ± 33.5 IU/mL). ANA and βGP1 in test group (0.89 ± 0.31; 12.94 ± 8.9, respectively) did not change significantly (P > 0.05) compared with the controls (0.84 ± 0.27; 10.37 ± 9.6, respectively). There were no significant changes in measured biochemical parameters between trimesters (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant differences in measured biochemical parameters between subjects with different APGAR scores in all subject groups. Conclusion: HIV infection affected TPOab level but had no impact on ANA, βGP1, and APGAR score in HIV pregnancy under HAART.