Outcome of Delivery among HIV‑Positive Women that Attended the Antenatal Clinic at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been reported to be associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes. There are limited data on the extent by which HIV‑positive pregnant women in this part of the world are affected. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the pregnancy outcome of HIV‑positive pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the case notes of HIV‑positive women that enrolled in the prevention of mother‑to‑child (PMTCT) clinic from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. All data collected were entered and analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 25.0 software. Results: A total of 1817 women attended the antenatal clinic and 127 (6.9%) were HIV positive and enrolled in the PMTCT program. Out of the 127 HIV‑positive women, only 102 (85.0%) utilized the delivery service. HIV was found to be more common among women within the age group of 30–39 years. Majority 105 (82.6%) of the women were aware of their HIV status before index pregnancy and were on treatment, 62 (60.78%) of the women had a vaginal delivery, whereas 34 (33.3%) had a caesarean delivery. A total of 6 (4.7%) women had a miscarriage. There was no maternal death. Of these pregnancies, 7 (5.5%) were stillbirths, 18 (18.8%) were preterm deliveries, and 10 (11.2%) had a low birthweight. Conclusion: Despite antiretroviral therapy, HIV‑positive pregnant women had adverse pregnancy outcomes; therefore, they should be managed with a multidisciplinary approach to ensure good maternal and fetal outcomes.