Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Predictors of Preventive Practices Toward COVID‑19 among Healthcare Workers in Ogbomoso, Nigeria: A Cross‑sectional Study

Abstract

Background: COVID‑19 quickly assumed a global epidemic with its attendant health, socio‑political and economic impacts. Healthcare workers are particularly at increasing risk of being infected and transmitting the virus. This study assessed knowledge, attitude, practice and predictors of preventive practices toward COVD‑19 among healthcare workers in Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Study Design: Cross‑sectional study. Data were collected online among health workers across health facilities in Ogbomoso. Factors associated with good practices were analyzed using Chi‑square. Predictors of good  preventive practices were determined by multivariate binary logistic regression. The level of statistical  significance was determined to be at P < 0.05.

Results: There were 132 study participants; with an average age of 31 years. Fifty‑eight percent were medical laboratory scientists. Levels of good knowledge, attitude, and practices were 59.1%, 58.3%, and 38.6%,  respectively. Eight‑seven percent of respondents sourced COVID‑19 related information via the mass media. Ninety‑four percent of respondents will not stay at home if sick because of work. Age, profession, and  knowledge are significantly associated with COVID‑19 preventive practices. The predictors (Model II) of good COVID‑19 preventive practices include being a laboratory scientist (odds ratio [OR]: 2.44 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05, 6.71]; P = 0.039), working in primary health facility (OR: 4.72 [95%CI: 1.08, 20.67]; P = 0.039) and having good COVID‑19 knowledge (OR: 3.71 [95%CI: 1.49–9.925]; P = 0.005).

Conclusion: Our study has shown the predictors of good COVID‑19 preventive practices among healthcare workers and the need for policy and practice change as it relates to COVID‑19 infection prevention and  mitigation among healthcare workers.