Pattern, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Acute Stroke in a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital: A 1‑Year Review

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to document the pattern, risk factors, in‑hospital outcomes, and stroke mortality in a hospital over one
year.

Materials and Methods: Acute stroke patients admitted at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital between October 2019 and
September 2020 had their records reviewed. Information including age, sex, risk factors, stroke type, access to neuroimaging, and the in‑hospital outcome was extracted and analyzed.

Results: A total of 230 patient records were included in this study. The proportion of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was 44.8%, while  ischemic stroke was 52.2%. Only 9.1% of ischemic stroke cases had an onset‑to‑arrival time of fewer than nine hours, with just three thrombolytic therapy given. The 30‑day mortality was 28.7%, lesser among younger patients and patients managed in the stroke unit.

Conclusion: The hospital incidence of ICH was close to that of ischemic stroke. Mortality data confirms the importance of management in a stroke unit.

Keywords: Nigeria, outcome, pattern, risk factors, stroke