Presentation and management of splenic injuries: a review of literature

Abstract

Background: The burden of managing splenic injuries has been on the rise. Most patients with blunt abdominal trauma do sustain splenic injuries with varying degrees of severity. The success in managing such depends on a sound clinical judgment and early intervention.

Method: An in-depth search and review of relevant literature on splenic injuries was carried out. Also used in literature search were selected texts as well as online searches using Pubmed and African journal online (Ajol)

Results: Splenic injuries have been reported from all over the world. Majority of splenic trauma in our environment are due to vehicular accidents. Tropical spleen enlargement in malaria endemic regions is an identified predisposing factor to sustaining splenic injuries. Splenic conservation methods have evolved over the years ranging from operative to minimally invasive techniques. The management of post-splenectomy complications has also witnessed modifications over the last two decades.

Conclusion: Successful management of splenic injuries anchors on good understanding of both structural and function derangement that accompany such. Timely intervention and appropriate treatment is invaluable.

Keywords: Spleen, Trauma, Grades of injuries, Classification, Treatment, Prophylaxis