Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among apparently healthy adults in a rural community, in north-western Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of multiple metabolic abnormalities that increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and a resultant severe economic implication.This study assessed the burden of MetS in a Nigerian rural community setting.

Method: This was a cross-sectional, community based study on apparently healthy subjects.A multi stage cluster sampling technique was employed to recruit the study subjects.A standardized pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain data, and blood samples from subjects were analysed using standard laboratory techniques. MetS was defined using the NCEP-ATP3 criteria. Data were analysed using STATA version 11, and a p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A total of 450 subjects completed the study, with 38% being males, and a mean age of 40.27±16.41 years. MetS was found in 116 (25.78%) of the subjects.Of these, systemic hypertension was found in 91(78.45%), while all (116) had elevated cholesterol and triglycerides.Abdominal adiposity was found in 45 (38.79%) subjects and 44 (37.93%) had Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: The prevalence of MetS and its components in our studied population was high; hence the need for further large population based studies to determine its predictors in our environment.