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In-vitro Assessment of Brands of Ampicillin Sold in Nigerian Markets
Abstract
Objective: To determine the efficacy of ampicillin sold in Nigerian markets on bacterial pathogens and to ascertain their usefulness in the control of bacterial infections.
Method: Five brands of ampicillin; Reichlin, Amcillin, Amikap, Neslin and Rajampi were tested for susceptibility using disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. Assay using Minimal Inhibitary Concentration (MIC) and Minimal bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were by two-fold dilution method.
Concentrations 250μg/ml and 100 μg/ml served as stock.
Results: Susceptibility were, Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Enterococcus faecalis(90%),E.coli (0%), Ps.aeruginosa (0%) and S.typhi (100%) . MIC (3-63)μg/ml and MBC (8-125)μg/ml were the range for all brands against S.aureus and E.faecalis, while Neslin and Rajampi were between (8-31)μg/ml for Salmonella typhi. The MIC critical values were (4-63) μg/ml at (30 to 40%) occurrence.
Conclusion: This study has shown that ampicillin can be useful in the treatment of infections involving gram-positive organisms, in contrast to the illusion that it has no place in therapy, although S.aureus
expressed resistance to Neslin and Rajampi. Ps.aeruginosa and E.coli were 100% resistant therefore not useful for treatment of infections involving them. .The study provides the basis for continous monitoring of shelved antibiotics which may turn out to be useful, cost effective and indirectly conserve the tenacity of newer antibiotics.
Method: Five brands of ampicillin; Reichlin, Amcillin, Amikap, Neslin and Rajampi were tested for susceptibility using disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. Assay using Minimal Inhibitary Concentration (MIC) and Minimal bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were by two-fold dilution method.
Concentrations 250μg/ml and 100 μg/ml served as stock.
Results: Susceptibility were, Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Enterococcus faecalis(90%),E.coli (0%), Ps.aeruginosa (0%) and S.typhi (100%) . MIC (3-63)μg/ml and MBC (8-125)μg/ml were the range for all brands against S.aureus and E.faecalis, while Neslin and Rajampi were between (8-31)μg/ml for Salmonella typhi. The MIC critical values were (4-63) μg/ml at (30 to 40%) occurrence.
Conclusion: This study has shown that ampicillin can be useful in the treatment of infections involving gram-positive organisms, in contrast to the illusion that it has no place in therapy, although S.aureus
expressed resistance to Neslin and Rajampi. Ps.aeruginosa and E.coli were 100% resistant therefore not useful for treatment of infections involving them. .The study provides the basis for continous monitoring of shelved antibiotics which may turn out to be useful, cost effective and indirectly conserve the tenacity of newer antibiotics.
