Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the General Out Patient Clinic of a Teaching Hospital In South South Nigeria.

Abstract

Introduction: The global increase in the prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes has brought asymptomatic bacteriuria, one of its complications to the fore. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients with type 2 diabetes, identify the bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in the general out-patient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which the subjects were recruited using a simple random sampling technique. The microbes were identified and antibiotic susceptibility testing carried out using standard techniques. The degree of association of ASB with sex, age and educational status was determined using the chi square test. Statistical significance was set at 95% confidence level or at p-value of less than 0.05 (p-value is < 0.05).

Results: A total of 300 patients with type 2 diabetes consisting of 168 females (56%) and 132 males (44%) were recruited. Their age range was from 33-75years with a mean of 55.5 ±8.2years. The prevalence of ASB was 25%. In this study age, gender and educational status were significantly associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (p< 0.05). Klebsiella spp was the commonest microbial isolate sensitive to mainly nitrofurantoin and ofloxacin. Resistance to amoxicillin, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole was very high.

Conclusion: ASB is prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. The most prevalent organism was Klebsiella spp highly sensitive to nitrofurantoin and ofloxacin.

Keywords: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, Diabetes Mellitus, Bacterial Isolates.