Checklist of ornamental palms in Nifor Palmetum Benin City, Nigeria

Abstract

The Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) Palmetum has faced significant challenges, leading to a decline in its ornamental palm species collection. This study presents the first comprehensive checklist of existing ornamental palms, highlighting their health, economic importance and conservation status. Using standard procedures, 231 trees from 22 genera and 26 species of Arecaceae were identified and documented, including their botanical and common names, and native range. Phoenix L. showed the highest diversity with 3 species, followed by Elaeis Jacq. and Hyphaene Gaertn., with 2 species each. The study revealed that 76% of the trees are non-native but have adapted to the region. However, tree health assessment revealed issues like leaf defoliation, galls, stem rots and epiphyte growth, indicating neglect. Beyond their ornamental value, most palms have economic importance as food, feed, fuel and medicine. Given the rapid genetic depletion, urgent conservation measures are needed to prevent biodiversity loss. This checklist will facilitate future palm introductions, ex-situ conservation and systematic reproduction of existing species, ensuring the long-term preservation of ornamental palm collection in the Palmetum.