The synergistic effect of Ocimum gratissimum and Gongronema latifolium extracts on lipid profile of hyperlipidemic induced rats

Abstract

Accumulation of excess fat has great adverse health implications, including tissue damage and disorders affecting the liver, brain, bone marrow, and other vital organs. Cardiovascular diseases are known to be strongly associated with increased level of blood lipids. To mitigate this risk, there is a growing interest in exploring natural interventions, such as herbal extracts. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of Ocimum gratissimum and Gongronema latifolium extracts on the lipid profile of hyperlipidemic rats, addressing the increasing concern of hyperlipidemia-related health issues. This research involved the collection of fresh leaves from Ocimum gratissimum and Gongronema latifolium, which were subsequently processed to obtain plant extracts. The experiment had five groups: Group A was the normal control, Group B represented the hyperlipidemic control, Group C received Ocimum gratissimum extract, Group D was given Gongronema latifolium extract, and Group E received a combination of both extracts. These extracts were administered orally to hyperlipidemic rats, and their effects on lipid parameters were closely monitored. The lipid profile parameters were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, analyzed using one-way ANOVA. A post Hoc test was employed to separate the comparison of mean. The study included key lipid indicators including low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). The findings revealed substantial improvements in the lipid profiles of rats treated with the combined extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Gongronema latifolium. Notably, there was a significant reduction (p<0.05) in LDL, TC, and TG levels, while HDL levels were elevated. The results suggest that these plant extracts possess the potential to ameliorate hyperlipidemia and consequently promote cardiovascular health. In conclusion, this research highlights the promise of Ocimum gratissimum and Gongronema latifolium extracts as natural interventions for managing hyperlipidemia. However, further studies with larger sample sizes, extended treatment durations, and dose-response investigations are warranted to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects and mechanisms of these extracts.