Quality and Toxicity Assessments of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Inoculated Guinea Pigs

Abstract

The quality and toxicity assessment of foot and mouth disease virus vaccine was carried out
in inoculated guinea pigs. The vaccine was developed from local isolates for the control and
prevention of foot and mouth disease in Nigerian cattle. All the vaccine inputs tested were
sterile and the high mean titre levels of complement fixing antibodies (92.8 and 147.2) and
serum neutralizing antibodies (1.68 and 2.15), either as single dose or repeated doses
inoculations. The blood immune cells parameters showed a positive immunological response
due to activation by the vaccine antigens. There were increases in their population as
compared to the controls. The blood enzyme profiles did not show any significant evidence
of tissue or organ damage as all the results obtained were within the reference standard
ranges of normal healthy guinea pigs. The findings from the study show that the vaccine
could be used for the control and prevention of foot and mouth disease in Nigerian livestock.

Keyword: Foot and Mouth Disease, Antibody, Quality, Toxicity, Vaccine.