Evaluation and Management of Short Stature in Childhood and Adolescence

Abstract

In this review article, the physiology of linear growth, aetiologic clasification, clinical and laboratory evaluation and treatment of short stature are discussed. Short stature may either be proportionate or disproportionate. The major mchanism by which linear growth occurs is the lengthening of the skeletal system, mediated mainly by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Often a careful history and physical examination, a priod of observation (serial height masurements and plotting on growth chart) plus a bone age determination are usually sufficient for diagnosis. Clinical features suggesting that investigations are indicated include extreme short stature, height significantly below target height, subnormal height velocity, history of chronic disease, obviously dismorphic syndrome, precocious or abnormal delayed puberty and extreme parental concern. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. early diagnosis is critical for tratment to be effective. This is particularly true for frowth hormon deficiency

Keywords: Short stature, growth hormone deficiency, childhood, adolescence.

Nigerian Hospital Practice Vol. 2 (4) 2008: pp. 93-99