Covid 19: Determinants and barriers to infection prevention and control practice among residents in Bonny Island, Rivers State

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which was declared a pandemic and described as a disease of public health emergency caused worldwide disruption of business activities, education, tourism and health challenges including death. Prevention is a viable strategy to contain the pandemic, including the use of vaccines. However, evidence abound which reveals that majority of people do not comply with proposed health and safety measures recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) and their respective country health authorities. This study identified socio-demographic and other variables which may influence compliance to practice of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures.
Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at zonal hospital Bonny. All eligible respondents who visited the hospital for Medicare were included into the study until sample size was achieved. Pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to elicit information from respondents. Multinomial regression analysis was used to analyze data with statistical significance set at 0.05. Ethical clearance, permission for the study and informed consent were derived from relevant authorities and respondents respectively.
Result: Compliance to good IPC measures was 73.9%. There was statistically significant compliance to good practice among public servants, respondents aged 31-40 years and females.
Conclusion: Good IPC measures was high among respondents, COVID 19 vaccine acceptance was poor, while factors such as inability to procure personal protective equipment and non-availability of water were responsible for poor compliance.