Pattern at Presentation of Extremity Gunshot Injuries in Warri, Nigeria

Abstract

Background Gunshot injuries (GSI) in civilian populations are becoming more common worldwide. The  result is significant morbidity, mortality and disability particularly among the young active productive  males who are often the most frequently affected. The wide spread socioeconomic down turn and small  arms proliferation particularly in developing countries might be partly responsible for this. This study  aims to further highlight the pattern, including aetiology and the emerging significance of GSI in Warri pointing out the need for urgent and appropriate action by all concerned.

Methodology A prospective study of consecutive gunshot injury patients who presented at the Central Hospital and two other private health facilities in Warri between l"t of January and 31"t of December, 2011. Relevant data were collected using previously prepared forms, collated and analysed with SPSS version 17.

Results Eighty five patients presented with GSI during the study period. This consisted of 78 males and 7  females giving a male: female ratio of 11.1:1. The mean age of patients was 34.23+13.22years with the most frequently affected age group being that of 16-30 years. Most patients (51. 76%) were shot by  armed robbers, traders being the most frequently affected (28.2%). Ninety six m]uries were sustained by the 85 patients with 52 fractures. High velocity weapons were used more frequently.

Conclusion Gunshot injuries are common in Warri. Armed robbery is frequently responsible. Practising trauma surgeons here need to be abreast with modern treatment modalities for GSI and our health  facilities should be equipped to meet the challenges. There is also need for improvement in the  socioeconomic conditions of the people, youth reorientation and empowerment programmes and more proactive measures towards addressing security challenges.

Keywords: Gunshot injuries; Extremities; Fractures.