NG Journal of Social Development

The Role of Community-Based Initiatives in Enhancing Water Quality and Livelihoods in Rural Tanzania: A Case Study of Mvomero Distric

2024-11-12T11:40:28+00:00

This study investigates the impact of community
initiatives on water quality and household
livelihoods in Mvomero District, Tanzania. With
a focus on the FuatiliaMaji project. The study
explores how these initiatives influence both
water quality and the socio-economic wellbeing of households. Using a cross-sectional
research design, data were collected from 130
households through structured questionnaires.
The analysis revealed that community-based
monitoring, water conservation efforts, and the
protection of water sources positively contribute
to improved water quality. Moreover, these
initiatives were found to enhance household
income, health, and overall livelihood, although
challenges related to water cost and time spent
fetching water persist. The study highlights the
importance of affordable water solutions and
strengthened community participation in water
governance to foster sustainable water
management practices. The findings suggest
that increasing investments in water
infrastructure, scaling up community-based
monitoring systems, and reducing the economic
and time burdens of water collection are crucial
for improving both water quality and household
livelihoods in the region.

Effectiveness of Force Account on Implementation of Construction Projects in Health Sector in Tanzania: A Case of Mbeya Regional Hospita

2024-11-12T11:29:55+00:00

This study examines the effectiveness of the
force account method in implementing
construction projects within Tanzania's health
sector, specifically at Mbeya Regional Hospital
(MRH). Using a pragmatic research philosophy
and a mixed-methods approach, the study
employed a descriptive design with a sample of
144 respondents selected through stratified
random and purposive sampling. Primary data
were gathered via questionnaires and
interviews, while secondary data were collected
through document reviews. The findings
revealed strong agreement on the timely
completion of projects (mean = 3.7364), the
quality of work exceeding traditional methods
(mean = 4.4000), and more efficient resource
utilization (mean = 3.9455). The study
concludes that the force account method is
effective in enhancing project timelines, quality,
and resource efficiency in healthcare
construction. Recommendations include
training project teams, improving resource
allocation, establishing monitoring frameworks,
and engaging local communities to further
optimize the effectiveness of force account
implementation.

Determinants of Financial Sustainability for Local Non-Governmental Organisations in Arusha, Tanzania

2024-11-12T11:50:12+00:00

This study explores the factors influencing the
financial sustainability of local NonGovernmental Organizations (NGOs) in
Arusha, Tanzania. The research used
descriptive survey design, collecting data from
262 respondents working in local NGOs,
utilizing both questionnaires and interviews.
The findings reveal that external donors are the
dominant source of funding, contributing
significantly to the financial sustainability of
NGOs, while other sources such as
crowdfunding and self-generated income play
supporting roles. Despite this, many NGOs
struggle to maintain long-term donor
relationships, and a heavy reliance on restricted
funding hinders their flexibility to respond to
emerging issues. The study also found that a
limited percentage of NGOs have access to
unrestricted funding, which further impacts
their ability to adapt to changing circumstances.
The study concludes that diversifying funding
sources, strengthening donor relationships, and
improving financial management practices are
essential for enhancing the financial
sustainability of NGOs in Tanzania. The study
provides recommendations for NGOs to create
a more resilient and financially sustainable
NGO sector, emphasizing the need for a
supportive policy framework and capacitybuilding initiativ

Effect of Financial Management Skills on the Effectiveness of Donor Fund Utilization in Health Projects in Tanzania

2024-11-19T14:56:48+00:00

This study examines effect of financial reporting
skills on the effectiveness of donor fund utilization in
health projects, focusing on the Ministry of Health
in Dodoma, Tanzania. The study utilizes a mixedmethods approach, combining both quantitative and
qualitative data collection techniques. A sample of
129 respondents, including project managers,
accounting officers, procurement officers, and other
key personnel, was surveyed to assess their financial
reporting practices and perceptions of donor fund
utilization. The study revealed that financial
reporting skills, including accuracy, timeliness, and
adherence to reporting standards, significantly
enhance the effective use of donor funds. Strong
leadership commitment, clear financial reporting
guidelines, consistent monitoring, and timely
submission of reports were identified as key factors
contributing to successful fund utilization. The
findings suggest that improving financial reporting
skills is essential for optimizing the impact of donorfunded health projects, ensuring accountability, and
aligning project outcomes with donor expectations.
Based on these findings, the study recommends
targeted training programs for project staff, the
development of robust reporting guidelines, and the
implementation of regular monitoring and
evaluation systems to improve financial
management in health projects. This research
contributes valuable insights into the role of
financial reporting in managing donor funds
effectively in the health sector, particularly in lowand middle-income countrie

Entrepreneur Satisfaction and Challenges in the Machinga Complex Project in Dodoma City, Tanzania

2024-11-19T15:09:34+00:00

This study investigates the importance of small
business entrepreneur satisfaction in ensuring the
success of the Machinga Complex project. Despite
the increasing implementation of development
projects, there is limited understanding of the
factors that influence small entrepreneurs'
satisfaction with these projects. The study addresses
this gap by examining the factors that impact the
satisfaction of small business entrepreneurs,
specifically within the Machinga Complex in
Dodoma City. A cross-sectional research design
was utilized, with a sample size of 150 respondents
obtained through a probability sampling method.
Descriptive and probit regression analyses were
employed, with the dependent variable measured on
a dichotomous scale. The findings revealed that age,
income level, participation in project consultation
and initiation, education level, and project
accessibility were statistically significant factors
influencing entrepreneur satisfaction. The study
also analyzed various challenges faced by these
entrepreneurs at Machinga Complex. The results
showed that competition from informal sectors, lack
of loan accessibility, and insufficient infrastructure
were the main challenges affecting the
entrepreneurs. In conclusion, the study advocates
for several policy recommendations, including the
need to facilitate training programs specifically for
Machinga entrepreneurs. It also emphasizes the
importance of improving public participation in
future projects and enhancing infrastructure quality
to foster greater satisfaction among entrepreneurs.
These efforts should be coordinated by both the
government and the private sector.

Drivers of Rural Women Participation in Income Generating Activities in Mufindi District-Iringa

2024-11-19T15:19:01+00:00

This study aims to examine the determinants of
women's participation in income-generating
activities, specifically focusing on the types of
activities they engage in, the extent of their
participation, the socio-economic factors
influencing their involvement, and the challenges
they face. The study used the experiences of rural
women in Mufindi district as practical evidence.
Primary data were collected through random
sampling of 150 respondents from the district.
Descriptive statistics and double hurdle models
were used in the analysis. Most women in Mufindi
district do not participate in large-scale incomegenerating activities. They are generally viewed as
housewives, with local customs and traditions
expecting only husbands to participate in larger
economic ventures. As a result, women primarily
engage in smaller income-generating activities,
such as selling vegetables and fruit, livestock
products, hairdressing, wage labor, and tailoring.
The most common income-generating activities in
the study area were small businesses and
agriculture, although many women participated in
agriculture primarily for home consumption. This
paper reviews the literature on women's
participation, challenges, and the extent of
involvement in income-generating activities, with a
focus on rural women's perspectives. It also
provides a foundation for further research on the
challenges hindering women's participation in highincome-generating activities, especially in
developing countries. The study recommends that
women entrepreneurs in Mufindi district be
organized into groups for training in other incomegenerating activitie

Enhancing Governance in Local Government Authorities in Tanzania: An Exploration of Effective Strategic Management Practices

2024-11-27T02:10:46+00:00

This study examines the impact of strategic
management practices on governance in local
government authorities, focusing on Mufindi
District Council in Tanzania. A mixed-methods
approach was used, combining content analysis
and non-parametric analysis to assess changes
in accountability and transparency between
2015 and 2020. The study found significant
improvements in both accountability and
transparency during the 2015-2020
implementation of strategic plans. The study
measured governance by assessing eight key
indicators and found that training,
implementation, follow-up, and efficient
working practices resulted in effective strategic
management practices and achievement of the
council's overall goals. The study recommends
that a written strategic plan should be
referenced by staff to ensure implementation of
assigned duties and achievement of stated
objectives. The study contributes to the existing
literature on strategic management practices
and governance in local government
authorities, highlighting the importance of
effective strategic planning and implementation
in achieving good governance and service
delivery. The findings are relevant to
practitioners, policymakers, and leaders
seeking to improve governance and service
delivery in local government authorities

Work Flexibility Schedule and Employee Commitment at Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki Ebonyi State

2024-12-18T03:50:12+00:00

The study explored the implications of effective
utilization of work flexibility on employee
commitment at Federal Teaching Hospital,
Abakaliki.. Correlation design was employed
while structured questionnaire designed with
open-ended questions were administered to the
sample drawn from the population of the study.
Data collected were analyzed with Pearson
Correlation Coefficient via 0.20. The findings
showed that flexi-time has significant positive
correlation with employee affective
commitment ( r=0.72, p<0.01, n=350), that
compressed work week has significant positive
correlation with employee continuance
commitment (r=0.52, p<0.01, n=350) and job
sharing has significant positive relationship
with employee normative commitment ( r=0.22,
p<0.01, n=350) at federal Teaching Hospital,
Abakaliki. The implication of the findings is
that as this organization continues to utilize
work flexibility schedule, such operational
policy-framework will reinvigorate employee
psychological commitment that will improve
their performance as it enables them to balance
both family and work requirement-needs. The
study therefore, recommended that
organizations particularly Federal Teaching
Hospital should always explore the opportunity
of co-opting and integrating an effective work
flexibility schedule among their workers to
generate the desired resilient and commitment
to work

Influence of Tourism on Socio-economic Livelihood among Households Living near Conservation Areas in Tanzania

2024-12-18T02:51:36+00:00

The study examined how tourists spend money
in Karatu District, in Tanzania, recognized for
its rich natural resources and cultural heritage,
that contribute to infrastructure development.
The study relied on quantitative data from
surveys addressed to tourists and local
businesses, alongside qualitative information
from in-depth interviews with local government
officials and other community leaders. The
results revealed that tourism has an important
influence on local infrastructure, notably
transport, sanitation, and public utilities. The
analysis shows a positive association between
increased tourism activity and improvements in
critical infrastructure such as roads, potable
water supply, and health services. Such
tremendous other improvement in infrastructure
has not only enhanced the entire visitor
experience but has also improved local people's
lives. The research emphasizes the fact that
tourism is a critical engine of the economy in
Karatu District. Further, investment in tourism
revenues should be directed toward targeted
infrastructure to bridge existing gaps and
sustainable socio-economic development.

Role of social factors in developing addictive behavior among youth in Rwanda: Reality from the Isange Rehabilitation Center

2024-12-18T03:18:00+00:00

An addiction refers to a drug or substance that
an individual partakes in and derives from its
short-term pleasure, and long-term negative
consequences. This paper aims to assess the role
of social factors in developing addictive
behaviors among youth in Huye districtRwanda. The theory of attunement,
psychoanalysis, and the social learning theory
were used in this assessment. The specific
objectives were (1) to identify the role of social
factors in developing addictive behaviors
among the youths, (2) to identify the addictive
behaviors that are prevalent among the youth,
and (3) to analyze the effects of addictive
behavior on the individual lives of addicts. To
attain these objectives, a qualitative and
quantitative design, where the interview,
observation, and questionnaire were used to
collect data. Tabulation was used to analyze
quantitative data to identify the frequency within
which an idea was held in common regard.
Narrative analysis was used to derive meanings
from the participants’ stories. The findings
revealed that our social environments could
lead to the development of addictive behaviors.
The government, social workers, and parents
should be mindful of the physical, emotional,
and mental state of youth from a young age