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Dec 31, 2023Keywords:
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AMMI Stability Studies of Cassava Clones for Arid and Semi-Arid Agro-Ecological Regions in Nigeria
Abstract
Due to the increasing demand for cassava for food and raw materials for industries, it has become important to scale up production by providing farmers with suitable cassava varieties that are specifically bred for their ecological region. The study objective was to identify stable and well-adapted cassava genotypes suitable for arid and semi-arid environments in Nigeria. In this study, twenty cassava genotypes obtained through hybridization and then raised from true seeds, together with four checks were evaluated in four locations: Minjibri in Kano, Aliero in Kebbi, Otobi in Benue, and Umudike in Abia State. AMMI breeding value was used to study the mean performance and stability of the clones for important yield traits. The trial was set up in a randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in each location. Plot size of 20m2(4m x 5m dimension i.e. 4 rows by 5 plants) was used with a planting distance of 1 X 1m inter and intra row spacing giving a total plant population of 10,000 plants/ha. The combined analysis of variance shows that there were significant differences among the genotypes and locations for dry matter content (DMC), fresh root yield (FRY), dry root yield (DRY), harvest index (HI) and starch content at P<0.001. According to the results of the AMMI study, the best stable five genotypes were CR 14B-180, NR 03 0155, GCO 174-1, COB 5-17, and TMS 07 0337 across the four locations. The genotypes COB15454, and CW444-30 were best for the Kebbi location, while NR030155 and TMS070337 were considered to be the best for the Otobi location. Genotype CR36-5 appeared to be the best for the Umudike area while genotype CW450-75 was best for the Kano location. This outcome revealed promising genotypes that can be suggested for site-specific cassava production.
