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Mar 30, 2024Keywords:
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Controlling Late Blight (Phytophtora infestans) of Tomato Using Silver Nitrate and Azadirachta indica (Plant Extract)
Abstract
Tomato is an important vegetable crop that is grown and consumed globally, there are various diseases attached to this crop, Azadirachta indica and Silver Nitrate have also been known to control the effect of many fungal and bacterial infections on agricultural plots, the objective of the study is to determine the effect of Silver Nitrate and the extract of Azadirachta indica on growth indices of tomato, disease incidence and severity of late blight of tomato as well as the yield of tomato on the field. Two tomato varieties chosen were ROMAN VF and 82 B, Tomato seedlings were raised on sterilized soil for four weeks in the screen house, and a young tomato plant was transplanted to the field where there is an epidemic of Late blight. Routine practices such as weeding and watering were carried out on the young tomato plants. Plant extract Azadirachta indica 25% was prepared as treatment 1 and 0.1M Silver Nitrate as Treatment 2. The prepared treatments were applied to the plant every week. The data were taken for plant height, number of leaves per plant, and incidence and severity of late blight on tomato plants. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significantly different means separation was done by using the Least Significant Difference at p<0.05 (LSD). The weight of Tomato fruit was 381.76g on Silver Nitrate while the lowest number was recorded on control to be 64.77 on the Roman VF variety of tomato while on 82 B variety of tomato, the highest value recorded for the weight of fruit was on Silver Nitrate as 414.80g while the lowest was recorded on control as 117.38g. Plant extract and Silver Nitrate aid in promoting plant height and formation of new leaves but late blight incidence and severity are better controlled by the application of plant extracts rather than Silver Nitrate for the tomato varieties used, Plant extract is better applied to control incidence and severity of leaf blight in Tomato, and Silver Nitrate gave highest number of leaves and quality yield.
