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Apr 30, 2023Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Cassava Flowering Effect Influenced by Biostimulant and the Effects on Cassava Breeding
Abstract
For efficient crossing schemes, the onset of flowering marks a significant developmental change in cassava. In order to overcome this difficulty, a three-year experiment was conducted at the main and substation experimental sites of the National Root Crops Research Institute in Umudike, Nigeria, to examine the effects of 6-benzyladenine (BA), its lingering impact on flowering, and its implications for cassava breeding. Three replications of this experiment were set up using a randomized complete block design. The first-year experiment was subjected to foliar spraying with the following treatments: 0 ppm BA (control), 50 ppm BA, 100 ppm BA, and 150 ppm BA throughout a 4-week period beginning 8 weeks after planting. Stem cuttings from the first-year experiment were planted for the second and third years of the experiment without further treatment of BA in order to evaluate the residual effects of the BA application. Using the GenSTAT statistical tool, agronomic data were gathered, analyzed using the Analysis of Variance, and the means were separated using the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% level of significance. According to the studies, the second-year experiment's performance of the flowering characteristics under the influence of the BA application's residual effect was about 85% higher than the first-year experiment with a direct spray. However, the third-year experiment's flowering characteristics were discontinued and instead reduced by 99%. Additionally, the growth features (plant height and architecture) of the plants were reduced by around 40%; however, this was recovered in the third year after stake replanting by a 25% rise in plant height. According to the results of this research, the BA spray has a seasonal residual effect on cassava plants. This effect was positive for the beginning of flowering but stopped in the years that followed. This has the consequence that the BA residue may cause non-flowering cassava genotypes to flower, which may be advantageous in the cassava breeding program.
