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Phenotypic evaluation of cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) genotypes for enhanced breeding efficiency at NRCRI, Umudike
Abstract
Two hundred and twenty-five cassava genotypes were evaluated for fresh root yield, dry matter content and other agronomic traits in 2015-2016 growing season at the research station of National Root Crops Research institute (NRCRI), Umudike in Nigeria. The study was conducted to determine genotypes with higher yield and dry matter content. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant difference among the genotypes evaluated for fresh root yield (FYLD) at p≤0.001 and dry matter content (DMC) at p≤0.05. DMC ranged from 23.4 to 60.7% with a mean of 35.6%. FYLD varied from 27.1 to 60.3 t/ha with a mean of 27.1 t/ha. Genotype NR110386 had the highest DMC of 60.7%. The highest mean yield was recorded for genotype NR110512 (60.25 t/ha), while genotype NR100245 had the highest shoot weight of 17.5kg. There were high levels of variability among the genotypes for all the traits studied that will be useful for cassava breeding and for subsequent release to farmers in Nigeria.
Keywords: Cassava, fresh root yield, dry matter content and phenotype
