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Characterization, taxonomy and mapping of selected soils of South-West Nigeria using geographic information system
Abstract
Information on soil properties and distribution is critical for making decisions with respect to crop production and other land use types. A field survey, morphological description and laboratory analyses of the soil samples collected were carried out to characterize, classify and map out selected soils of Akure area, SouthWestern Nigeria. Five representative pedons (EA1 to 5) were opened and described across the study site. The result revealed variation in morphological, physical and chemical properties of the soils. The texture of the surface soil across the study area was sandy loam overlying gravely sandy clay loam in pedons EA1 and 3, and sandy clay loam in the other pedons. The soils are sandy loam overlying sandy clay loam in texture with silt/clay ratios greater than 0.25, indicating a low degree of weathering. They were strongly - slightly acid (4.9 to 6.2) and had very low (subsurface) to high (surface) organic carbon (2.54 to 20.0 gkg-1). Three soil types, Plinthic Kandiustalfs, Typic Kandiustalfs and Aquic Kandiaqualfs were identified in the area based on the USDA soil Taxonomy and were correlated as Luvisols in World Reference Base. Generally, the soils differed in properties indicating their variation in productive potential and management requirements for specific agricultural use.
Keywords: Characterization, taxonomy, mapping, and crop production
