The participation of community pharmacists in the case management of malaria in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract

Background
Nigeria accounts for approximately 25% of the global malaria burden. Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in children and pregnant women. Pharmacists play vital roles in the fight against malaria. However, in Nigeria, the role of the community pharmacist in managing cases of malaria has received very little research attention. This study aimed to evaluate the level of participation of community pharmacists in the management of malaria cases in Enugu metropolis and to explore factors associated with such participation.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among community pharmacists in Enugu metropolis using a modified and re-validated 16-item self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to participants in selected pharmacies for completion. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.
Results
Out of the 103 participants, more than half (55.3%) were male. More than half of the pharmacists satisfactorily provided preventive (57.3%), pharmaceutical (62.1%), and curative (51.1%) services for patients with malaria. Overall, 57% of the pharmacists satisfactorily participated in the management of malaria cases. The number of years of practice was significantly associated with the pharmacists level of involvement in preventive (P=0.003) and curative (P=0.018) services. However, the provision of pharmaceutical care services for malaria patients was significantly associated with the sex of the respondents (P=0.023).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that more than half of the community pharmacists in Enugu metropolis were satisfactorily involved in the management of malaria cases. However, the number of years of practice and sex were factors associated with the extent of pharmacist involvement in the management of malaria cases.