Juvenile-onset Open-Angle Glaucoma at the University Teaching Hospitals - Eye Hospital, Lusaka Zambia

Abstract

Purpose: To demonstrate the socioeconomic, demographic and clinical characteristics associated with patients of juvenile-onset open- angle glaucoma (JOAG) at the University Teaching Hospitals Eye Hospital (UTHs - EH).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey for Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma (JOAG) conducted at the UTHs - EH in, Lusaka, Zambia from January to December 2013. All participants aged between 18 and 39 years had a full ocular examination after capturing  demographic and socioeconomic information. The ocular examination included visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup disc ratio (CDR) and tests performed were central corneal thickness (CCT) and visual fields. Severity was graded based visual field (VF) in the worse eye using the advanced glaucoma intervention study score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, stratified by age group and gender, was used to determine the association between demographic factors and JOAG and between clinical factors and JOAG.
Results: Of the 1625 patients recruited for the study, 309 were POAG patients. Of the 309 POAG patients, 140 aged 20 to 39 years old had bilateral JOAG. The distribution of the 140 participants was 98 (70.9%) females and 42 (29.4%) males. Thirteen (9.3 %) were aged 20 – 24 years, 29 (20.7%) 25 – 29 years, 44 (31.4%) 30 – 34 years, and 54 (38.6%) 35 – 39 years. The mean age of the patients was 25.1 ± SD 8.7 years. The prevalence of JOAG was 8.6%

Keywords: Juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (JOAG), cup disc ratio (CDR), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), visual field (VF),  intraocular pressure (IOP), family history