Pattern and predictors of mortality in emergency department of Saint Paul Hospital millennium medical college Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hospital based cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: The declared goal of creating an exceptional acute care system demands regressive administrative monitoring and  evidence-based action. The goal of this study was to look at the pattern and determinants of all-cause mortality at St. Paul Hospital's  Millennium Medical College's Emergency Department.

Methods: A total of 388 emergency department patient charts were included.  Quota sampling using standardized questioner from previous study was employed. Single proportion formula was used to determine  sample size. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 25. The association between relevant characteristics with early emergency  mortality was examined using the, binary and multinominal logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was determined at p- values < 0.05

Results: From Jan 1, 2020-June 30, 2022, a total of 22,982 adult acutely sick patients visited the Emergency Department (ED).  There were 693 (3.02%) deaths registered in ED. Three hundred eighty-eight charts fulfilled the inclusion criteria were analyzed. In the  multinominal logistic regression, orange triage category (AOR=10.2 95% CI:1.3-76.3), Duration of Chief complaint < 24 hours, respiratory  illness (AOR = 12.5, 95% CI: 1.3-120.5), liver diseases (AOR = 20.5, 95% CI: 1.9-210.4), Upper GI bleeding (AOR = 14.5, 95% CI: 1.0-194.9),  Diabetic mellitus and its complication (AOR = 34.4, 95% CI: 2.5-472.3), severe anemia (AOR = 29.5, 95% CI:2.1-413.2), and sepsis/ septic  shock (AOR = 9.4, 95% CI:1.0-87.0) as principal diseases, are associated with high likelihood of early ED mortality.

Conclusion: Orange  triage category, duration of chief complaint less than 24 hours and principal diagnosis being respiratory, liver, UGIB, severe anemia, DM  and its complications and sepsis has association with early ED mortality.