Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Periodontal health in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis

2024-08-16T13:55:30+00:00

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate periodontal health status of the hemodialysis patients and to examine thenrelation between Russell periodontal index (RPI) and laboratory and inflammatory markers and nutritional status in thisngroup of patients.

Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of patients (n ¼ 43, mean age ¼ 51.4 ± 14.9 years) recruited nfrom the Mansoura University Nephrology and Dialysis Unit. Periodontal examination was performed using RPI. Various laboratory and ninflammatory markers were recorded, including routine biochemical and hematological data as well as serum parathyroid hormone, nferritin, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein; and nutritional status was evaluated using malnutrition inflammation score.

Results: Periodontitis was frequent in the studied patients where the mean RPI was 3.12 ± 1.55. There was a statistically significant positive association between periodontitis and patients’ ages (P ¼ 0.006). Furthermore, a significant positive association between periodontitis and BMI was detected (P ¼ 0.006), but not with serum levels of high sensitive Creactive protein (P ¼ 0.32) neither with malnutrition inflammation score (P ¼ 0.17). No relation was found between periodontitis and the different laboratory parameters such as calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone.

Conclusion: Periodontitis is highly prevalent in hemodialysis patients, especially in older patients, and more severe in obese individuals but not related to markers of inflammation or malnutrition.

Comparison between Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin with Collagen Carrier and Carrier and β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Lateral Maxillary Sinus Lift with Simultaneous Implant Placement

2024-08-16T14:02:37+00:00

Objective: This study aimed to compare injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) with a collagen carrier and b-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) for maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) with simultaneous implant placement.

Patients and methods: Fourteen patients with missed maxillary posterior teeth and 3e5 mm residual bone height were selected to perform lateral MSFA with simultaneous implant placement. A total of 18 sites (implants) in 13 patients were qualified for analysis, 10 sites with I-PRF and collagen carrier (group I) and eight sites with b-TCP (group II). Six months later, implant stability was recorded, and all sites were analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography for measuring apical bone height, vertical bone gain, and final bone height.

Results: After 6 months 100 % implant success was observed, the mean of implant stability quotient was 75.90 ± 2.56 and 76.13 ± 2.23 for group I and II, respectively (P ¼ 0.300), the median of apical bone height was 0 (0e4.5) for group I and 4.33 (0.5e9.6) for group II (P ¼ 0.004), the mean of vertical bone gain for group I was 6.52 ± 1.71 mm and 9.81 ± 2.47 mm for group II (P ¼ 0.004), the mean of final bone height for group I was 10.96 ± 1.50 mm, while group II was 14.08 ± 2.32 mm (P ¼ 0.003).

Conclusions: I-PRF with collagen carrier is an economical biomaterial that preserves the created subantral space with adequate new bone formation congruous to implant apexes. So, lateral MSFA using I-PRF and collagen carrier with simultaneous implant placement could be a simple, reliable, and predictable surgery with a high success rate that could be comparable to using b-TCP.

Impact of Remineralization Potential of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Powders on Incipient Enamel Caries

2024-08-16T14:08:02+00:00

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the remineralizing effect of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) powder compared with nanohydroxyapatite (nano-HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) powders using laser fluorescence.

Materials and methods: Fifteen sound human premolars and molars were subjected to infection control measures. Then, the roots were removed and crowns were sectioned to provide blocks from the buccal and lingual surfaces. Each specimen underwent pH cycling to produce white spot lesions. The specimens were divided into three groups according to the treatment used. The total sample size for all groups was thirty specimens (10 specimens for each group). The change in mineral content was evaluated by laser fluorescence using a DIAGNOdent pen at baseline, after demineralization, and after remineralization for 14 and 30 days. The mean value of each specimen reading was calculated.

Results: BCP showed lower laser fluorescence results compared with HA and b-TCP (recorded by DIAGNOdent pen) after application for 14 days (8.04 ± 0.55) and 30 days (6.08 ± 0.65). However, the results were not statistically different from the results of other groups (HA group 8.18 ± 0.87 and 6.36 ± 0.922 and b-TCP group 8.36 ± 1.17 and 6.93 ± 0.81). The remineralizing potential of the three materials increased with increasing the time of application.

Conclusions: BCP powder could be used for enamel remineralization. Its potential for the remineralization of incipient enamel caries is similar to HA and b-TCP.

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Angelica Shikokiana Makino Leaves Extract Gel on Lichen Planus Induced Oral Mucositis (Clinical Study)

2024-08-16T14:14:51+00:00

Objective: To develop eco-friendly nanoemulsions of Angelica shikokiana natural extract gel and evaluate its antiinflammatory activity by assessing the reduction of the present oral mucositis induced by oral lichen planus (OLP).

Patients and methods: In all 34 patients with OLP participated in this randomized controlled trial, classified into two main groups. The first group (study group) was given the prepared gel of A. shikokiana Makino (AS) leaves extract in orabase. The second group (control group) was given 0.1 % triamcinolone acetonide (TA), known as kenacort in orabase. Clinical improvement was evaluated using the Thongprasom scale, and pain reduction was recorded using a numeric rating scale. Initial, midway, and final assessments were performed on the patients. Also, the serum level of interleukin six was evaluated at the baseline and the end of the study.

Results: Statistical analysis showed that both groups' pain scores, overall lesion sizes, and Thongprasom scores improved with time. There was a statistically significant difference between week 2 and week 4 reports of improvement in the TA group and AS group (P value was ≤ 0.05) indicating that the trend towards better health persisted through week 4. TA's analgesic impact was superior to AS's during the second week, but by the fourth week, AS had caught up to TA. At the end of the research period, both treatments significantly reduced lesion size (P value ≤ 0.005) in both groups There was a practical improvement in the oral mucositis associated with OLP in all patients after treatment with our gel. There was no significant difference between the serum level of interleukin six at the baseline and the end of the study (P value 0.71825).

Conclusion: AS can be used as a treatment for OLP. It can be utilized as a backup plan in OLP when corticosteroids are not working or when individuals decline therapy for fear of adverse effects.

Evaluation of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Associated with Dental Implants Subjected t with Dental Implants Subjected to Different Loading Pr ent Loading Protocols

2024-08-16T14:19:49+00:00

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes associated with dental implants subjected to different loading protocols in the posterior maxillary region.

Patients and methods: This clinical study included 16 implants placed in patients seeking the rehabilitation of single/multiple teeth in the posterior maxillary region. The patients were distributed randomly into three groups according to the loading protocol; the first group received four implants subjected to conventional loading protocol, the second group received six implants subjected to early loading protocol, additionally the third group received six implants subjected to immediate loading protocol. The evaluation was done immediately after crown cementation (T1), and after 6 months (T2) and 12 months (T3) to assess implant stability and marginal bone level and bone loss around the implants.

Results: This study included 14 patients with an average age of 34.79 ± 9.17 years. There were no statistically significant differences between studied groups regarding age, sex, implant position, length, and width (P ¼ 0.642, P ¼ 0.260, P ¼ 0.822, P ¼ 0.053, and P ¼ 0.317, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences between studied groups regarding stability at different follow-up periods (P ¼ 0.06 at T1, P ¼ 0.07 at T2, P ¼ 0.150 at T3). However, there were significant differences between group 1 versus group 2 at T1 and T2 (P ¼ 0.018, P ¼ 0.028), respectively. Regarding mean bone loss, there were statistically significant differences between studied groups specifically T2 from T1 (P ¼ 0.01) and T3 from T1 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Earlier loading positively enhances osseointegration around immediately loaded and early-loaded implants when compared with conventionally loaded dental implants. On the other hand, greater bone loss was observed with immediately loaded and early-loaded implants than with conventionally loaded implants.

Microhardness of the Radicular Dentine After Root Canal Irrigation With Salvadora Persica Extract: A Laboratory Study

2024-08-16T14:26:21+00:00

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the conventionally used irrigant sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) compared with prepared Salvadora persica (Miswak) root canal irrigant regarding the microhardness of root dentin.

Materials and methods: Forty-five extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars human teeth with closed apex were included in this study. Initially, the teeth were cleaned, prepared, and then disinfected, which were divided randomly into five equal groups according to the type of irrigant used [group 1: saline (negative control), group 2: 5.25 % NaOCl (positive control), group 3: 10 % Miswak, group 4: 15 % Miswak, and group 5: 20 % Miswak]. The specimens were embedded in acrylic resin, for examination, and positioned in a Vickers microhardness tester (Future-Tech Corp FM-700) to detect root canal dentin microhardness. The collected data were then statistically compared to detect differences between the tested root canal irrigants.

Results: Mean ± SD of dentin microhardness before irrigation showed an insignificant difference (P ¼ 0.942), while the recorded Vickers hardness number values after irrigation showed a significant difference (P ¼ 0.046) between the tested group. Only the NaOCl group showed a significant decrease in root canal dentin microhardness after the treatment and is preferred over Miswak irrigant.

Conclusion: Within the limitation of the present study, 20 % Miswak is comparable to 5.25 % NaOCl. Regarding its use as a root canal irrigating solution, 20 % Miswak does not affect the dentin microhardness negatively.

Do diff Do different Cavity Pr vity Preparation Designs Influence F ation Designs Influence Fracture Resistance of CAD/CAM Fabricated Ceramic Inlay and Onlay?

2024-08-16T14:47:56+00:00

Objectives: This study evaluated the impact of various cavity preparation designs on fracture resistance of computeraided design/computer-aided manufacturing ceramic inlays and onlays.

Patients and methods: A total of 48 teeth were randomly assigned to six groups (n ¼ 8) (group A) inlays with 75 % width of the inter- cuspal distance (ICD, buccal cusp tip-to-palatal cusp tip), (group B) inlays with 100 % width of the ICD, (group C) onlays that had a palatal cusp reduction of 2.0 mm (functional cusp) and 75 % width of ICD, (group D) had a palatal cusp reduction of 2.0 mm (functional cusp) with 100 % width of ICD, (group E) had a palatal cusp reduction of 2.0 mm (functional cusp) and a buccal cusp reduction of 1.5 mm (nonfunctional cusp) and 75 % width of ICD, and (group F) had palatal cusp reduction of 2.0 mm (functional cusp) and had buccal cusp reduction of 1.5 mm (nonfunctional cusp) and 100 % width of ICD. The fracture resistance of each group was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed using the ShapiroeWilk, one-way analysis of variance, and post-hoc Tukey tests.

Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed statistically non-significant differences among the tested groups at (P < 0.05), however significant difference was detected between group A (1857 ± 511) and F (3070 ± 804) (P ¼ 0.01).

Conclusions: The various types of preparation designs had no significant difference in fracture resistance except for inlays with 75 % width of ICD.

The eff The effect of calcium hy ect of calcium hydroxide intr xide intracanal medicament on r acanal medicament on root dentine microhardness: An in vitro study

2024-08-16T14:56:05+00:00

Objective: To evaluate root dentine microhardness after using calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)₂) intracanal medicament.

Materials and methods: Forty single-rooted teeth were sectioned at the cementoenamel junction level, and the root canals were prepared till an apical size of #30. The prepared teeth were divided into two groups (n ¼ 20): the no medicament (control) group and the Ca (OH)₂ group. After 7 days, medicaments were removed using a standardized volume of irrigation. All teeth were sectioned in a buccolingual plane and embedded in acrylic resin horizontally with the dentine surfaces exposed. Using Vickers microhardness tester with magnification of £ 100 and a load of 25 g for 10 s, a microhardness assessment was performed. Independent t test was used for intergroup comparison. One-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey's tests were used for comparisons (P ≤ 0.05).

Results: Microhardness in the control group was significantly greater than in the Ca (OH)₂ group at the coronal (P < 0.001) and middle (P ¼ 0.006) sections. At the apical third, no significant difference was detected (P ¼ 0.779). In the control group, the coronal section was significantly greater than at the apical section (P ¼ 0.002), while no significant difference was detected between the middle sections with both coronal (P ¼ 0.212) and apical (P ¼ 140) sections. In the Ca (OH)₂ group, no significant effects were noted between different sections (P ¼ 0.385).

Conclusions: The Ca (OH)₂ reduced root dentine microhardness at both coronal and middle sections, but not the apical.