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Index of Potential Contamination for Intestinal Schistosomiasis among School Children of Raya Alamata District, Northern Ethiopia
Abstract
Effective and sustainable control of Schistosomamansoni infection requires identifying subpopulations that are at risk of infection. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in children of four primary schools in Raya Alamata District of Ethiopia to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection, and index of potential contamination of intestinal schistosomiasis. Fecal samples of 500 (266 males and 234 females) subjects aged 6-19 years were processed using Kato Katz thick smear field technique. Questionnaire survey was also deployedto assess associated risk factors among infected children. Out of the examined children, 101(20.2%) were infected by S. mansoni. The prevalence of infection differed significantly among the age groups (÷2= 6.93; P<0.05). High prevalence of infection was observed among children of 10-14 years old. Intensity of S. mansoni infection was low, only 3.96% had heavy infection intensity. Children of 10-14 years age have high infection intensity than any age group (÷2= 12.5; P<0.05). Index of potential contamination value showed that to a great extent children of 10-14 years were responsible to contaminate the environment with the bulk of S. mansoni eggs and for the transmission and maintenance of the disease in the area. Swimming habit (AOR= 3.66; P<0.05), frequency of water contact (AOR= 8.15; P<0.05) and treatment history (AOR 2.1; CI 1.3-3.3, P= 0.002) were the potential associated risk factors for S. mansoni infection. Schistosomamansoni infection did not show any significant association with gender, household water source, bathing and family occupation. Intestinal schistosomiasis is a public health problem, and to a great extent children of 10-14 years age group were responsible in the transmission and maintenance of the infection.
Key words: Ethiopia Infection prevalence, Schistosomiasis, IPC, Tigray,
