Examining Sino-Ghana relations and the role of the Chinese community in Ghana through (Auto)biography as a historiographic approach

Abstract

Although reference to the presence of the Chinese in Ghana might currently evoke instant thoughts on illegal mining activities and not so positive reactions, the relationship between China and Ghana transcends this sphere. China and Ghana have a longstanding six-decade history of political, economic, trade, and cultural exchanges. This research employs (auto)biography as a historical method to explore the personal narratives of Chinese individuals living in Ghana and their influence on Sino-Ghanaian relations. By taking a transcultural approach, the study examines these interactions at a micropolitical level, emphasising the Chinese community’s strategic contributions and cultural insights in shaping bilateral ties. This approach offers a comprehensive understanding of Ghana’s political, historical, and sociocultural evolution through the lived experiences of Chinese residents. Utilising a mixed-methods strategy, the research integrates a systematic review of six decades of journalistic discourse with five in-depth case studies of Chinese people in Ghana. The results reveal the profound impact of Sino-Ghanaian relations on Ghana’s post-independence changes. Politically, China’s emphasis on unity and shared anti-colonial traditions has strengthened their friendship and influenced Ghana’s national development. Economically, the introduction of Chinese technology and products has propelled modernisation. However, the long-term suitability of the “Chinese model” in Africa appears relatively favorable as one of the options for development. This study underscores the necessity for Ghana and other African countries to carefully select development paths and partners, balancing opportunities from China’s rise with the need for national sovereignty. The enduring historical connection between China and Ghana, marked by a community of a shared future, provides a robust foundation for bilateral relations grounded in mutual respect and cooperative development. The study contributes to Sino-Ghanaian scholarship and offers valuable insights for enhancing public diplomacy efforts between the two nations.