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Optimalisering van gratis elektroniese/aanlyn hulp-bronne vir woordeboek-samestelling — 'n drietalige woordeboekeksperiment
Abstract
Die beskikbaarheid van meertalige woordeboeke is deurslaggewend, nie slegs vir direkte teikengebruikers nie, maar ook vir indirekte teikengebruikers soos menslike taaltegno-loë, veral in die geval van tale met skaars hulpbronne, soos byvoorbeeld Venda. In hierdie artikel word die optimale benutting van gratis elektroniese/aanlyn hulpbronne vir die samestelling van 'n drietalige e-woordeboek vir Venda, Engels en Afrikaans ondersoek. Ons benadering is gebaseer op 'n eksperiment waarin die samestellingsproses so ver moontlik geoutomatiseer is om besparing in terme van tyd en mensekrag teweeg te bring. Engels word as 'n brug vir die vertaling tussen die brontaal, Venda, en die doeltaal, Afrikaans, gebruik. Die algemene bevindinge is dat daar sekere beperkings te wagte kan wees in so 'n semi-outomatiese proses wat wel 'n sekere mate van mens-like intervensie verg. Hoewel die saamgestelde e-woordeboek nie as 'n finale produk beskou kan word nie, bied die woordeboeksamestellingsprogram Lexonomy, wat vanweë sy aanpasbaarheid en maklike uitleg suksesvol in hierdie studie gebruik is, die geleentheid vir menslike insette om die nodige aanpassings op 'n gebruikersvriendelike wyse te doen. Die geformuleerde konsepvoorstel is nuttig vir die skep van meertalige aanlyn woordeboeke, saamgestel met behulp van beskikbare aanlyn of elektroniese hulpbronne. Die resulterende drietalige woordeboek is aanlyn beskikbaar as bewys van die konsep waarop verdere werk kan bou. Die feit dat die databasis onderliggend aan die woordeboek beskikbaar is in 'n masjienleesbare formaat, naamlik XML, is belangrik vir indirekte teikengebruikers vir hergebruik om elektroniese hulpbronne te ontwikkel, veral vir hulpbronarm tale.
English title: Optimization of Free Online/Electronic Resources for Dictionary Compilation — A Trilingual Dictionary Experiment.
Abstract
The availability of multilingual dictionaries is crucial, not only for direct target users, but also for indirect target users, especially in the case of languages with scarce resources such as Venda. This article explores the optimal use of free electronic/online resources for compiling a trilingual e-dictionary for Venda, English and Afrikaans. Our approach is based on an experiment in which the compilation process was automated as far as possible to achieve savings in terms of time and manpower. English is used as a bridge for the translation between the source language, Venda, and the target language, Afrikaans. The general finding is that certain limitations can be expected in such a semi-automated process that requires a certain amount of human intervention. Although the composite e-dictionary cannot be considered a final product, the dictionary compilation program Lexonomy, which has been used successfully in this study due to its adaptability and easy layout, provides the opportunity for human input to make the necessary adaptations in a user-friendly manner. The proposed concept is useful for creating multilingual online dictionaries, compiled using available online or electronic resources. The resulting trilingual dictionary is available online as proof of concept on which further work can build. The fact that the database underlying the dictionary is available in a machine-readable format, namely XML, is important for indirect target users for reuse to develop electronic resources, especially for resource-scarce languages.
Keywords: dictionary compilation, Venda–English–Afrikaans, trilingual dictionary, electronic/online resources, machine translation systems, lexonomy, corpus search, target users