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Association Between Myopia And The Abo/Rh Blood Groups Among College Of Science Students, KNUST
Dr. Marfo Melvic Amponsah
Dr. Hagar Asantewaa Awuni
Dr. Sylvester Kyeremeh
Abstract
Purpose: This cross-sectional study sought to determine the association between ABO/Rh blood groups and myopia among adults in Ghana
Methods: This study was conducted among randomly selected 407 students at the College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Non-cycloplegic objective refraction using an autorefractor was used to determine the refractive status. ABO/Rh blood groups were determined using the tile method. Data was entered and cleaned with Microsoft Excel Version 16.0 and analyzed with Stata Version 15 employing Pearson’s Chi-square test of association and Fisher’s exact tests to ascertain the association between myopia and ABO/Rh blood groups. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval.
Results: A total of 310 students participated in the study, out of which 169 (54.52%) were females and 141 (45.48%) were males. The average (±SD) age of the students was 21.30 (±2.06). The mean spherical equivalent measurements (±SD) for emmetropes, myopes and hyperopes were +0.01D (±0.26), -1.51D (±1.25) and +0.85D (±0.79), respectively. Myopia prevalence was 34.19%. The blood group prevalence in the population was O, B, A, and AB, with Rh+ being more common than Rh-. The chi-square test indicated no significant correlation between myopia and ABO or Rh blood groups (p-values of 0.381 and 0.0802, respectively).
Conclusion: While our research did not find any significant correlation between myopia and ABO/ Rh blood groups, we observed intriguing patterns of refractive errors and blood groups distribution influenced by various factors.
