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Détermination de la conductivité thermique de matériaux locaux de construction à Bamako
Abstract
ABSTRACT. This work has been realised within Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Bamako and has allowed to propose some values of thermal conductivity of local building materials used in Bamako and its surroundings. A method called "méthode des boîtes" and developed by the Laboratoire d'Etudes Thermiques et Solaires de l'Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (France) has been used. The value of the thermal conductivity changes between 0.54 and 0,73Wm-1K-1. The results show that the thermal conductivity changes with the site even if the quality of the ground is the same. An addition of a rice straw to the sample of ground extracts in the given sites makes down the value of the thermal conductivity. For an addition of 14% of rice straw (in term of mass), the thermal conductivity is approximately equal to 0.25Wm-1K-1. A result, which is not a surprise, shows that for an increase of the quantity of the rice straw corresponds to a decrease of the value of the thermal conductivity. Materials with low values of the thermal conductivity allow to realised buildings with a good thermal comfort and an energy save. The new building material gives by the combination of ground and rice straw must have a good behaviour against water and also have adequate stresses against compression efforts. However, theses elements should be completed by adapted coats.
MOTS CLÉS : Caractéristiques thermophysiques, conductivité thermique, matériau terre, balle de riz, habitat.
KEYWORDS: thermo-physical characteristics, thermal conductivity, local building materials, rice straw.
Journal des Sciences Pour l'Ingenieur No.4 2004 : 1-6